If you are experiencing prolonged stress, your body can induce amenorrhea and will prevent menstruation. Switching to the night shift or traveling to another time zone may prevent your menstrual cycle from starting. According to a study published in Frontiers in Endocrinology , any disruptions to your circadian rhythm —the internal clock that regulates important cellular processes —can cause you to experience irregular periods.
A study on the effect of antipsychotics on menstruation found that amenorrhea occurred because prolactin levels were imbalanced.
Additionally, some birth control medications, such as an IUD, implant or shot, may cease your periods while on them. Issues with your thyroid, such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism , can disturb your menstrual cycle. Luckily, there are effective treatments for thyroid disorders, so see an endocrinologist for a blood test if you think this might be an issue for you. Little is known about what causes this disease, but about five million women in the United States may be affected by PCOS.
This is due to insulin resistance , which is associated with PCOS. Treatment for PCOS focuses on relieving symptoms. Your doctor may prescribe birth control or other medication to help regulate your cycle. You may experience a change in your cycle when you go on or off birth control. Birth control pills contain the hormones estrogen and progestin, which prevent your ovaries from releasing eggs. It can take up to six months for your cycle to become consistent again after stopping the pill.
Other types of contraceptives that are implanted or injected can cause missed periods as well. Chronic diseases such as diabetes and celiac disease also can affect your menstrual cycle. Celiac disease causes inflammation that can lead to damage in your small intestine , which may prevent your body from absorbing key nutrients. This can cause late or missed periods. Most women begin menopause between ages 45 to Women who develop symptoms around age 40 or earlier are considered to have early peri-menopause.
This means your egg supply is winding down, and the result will be missed periods and eventually the end of menstruation. An overactive or underactive thyroid gland could also be the cause of late or missed periods. Thyroid issues can usually be treated with medication. After treatment, your period will likely return to normal. This is most common in those who train for several hours a day. This can lead to a hormonal imbalance that throws off your menstrual cycle, leading to missed or late periods.
Periods typically go back to normal as soon as you stop training so hard or increase your caloric intake. Polycystic ovary syndrome PCOS is a set of symptoms caused by an imbalance of reproductive hormones. As a result, your periods may be lighter than normal, arrive at inconsistent times, or disappear altogether. Many love the pill because it makes their periods so regular. But it can sometimes have the opposite effect, especially during the first few months of use.
Similarly, when you stop taking the pill, it can take a few months for your cycle to get back to normal. As your body returns to its baseline hormone levels, you may miss your period for a few months.
Perimenopause is the time leading up to menopause. It typically starts in your mid- to late forties. Perimenopause lasts for about four years before your period stops completely. For many, missed periods are the first sign of perimenopause. You may skip a period one month and be back on track for the following three. Or, you may skip your period three months in a row and find that it arrives unexpectedly, often lighter or heavier than you are accustomed to.
Early menopause, also known as premature ovarian failure , happens when your ovaries stop working before you turn Select personalised content. Create a personalised content profile. Measure ad performance. Select basic ads. Create a personalised ads profile. Select personalised ads. Apply market research to generate audience insights.
Measure content performance. Develop and improve products. List of Partners vendors. Pregnancy is by far the most common cause of a missed period, but there are some other medical and lifestyle factors that can affect your menstrual cycle. Extreme weight loss, hormonal irregularities, and menopause are among the most common causes if you're not pregnant. You may miss a period for one or two months, or you may experience complete amenorrhea —that is, no period for three or more months in a row.
This article explores 10 common reasons your period may be delayed. Intense stress interrupts the production of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone GnRH —a hormone that regulates ovulation and the menstrual cycle. Both physical and psychological stress can cause a delayed period. But the level of stress capable of causing this effect is usually more severe than having a bad hair day. Missing one period while going through a very stressful situation is not uncommon.
However, if you're under prolonged stress and miss more than one period, consider scheduling a visit with your healthcare provider.
If there is no other medical reason for your missed period, your healthcare provider may suggest counseling to help you cope with your situation. Once your stress is back to a manageable level, it may take a few months or more for your cycles to become regular again.
Extreme exercise can cause changes in pituitary hormones and thyroid hormones, which can impact ovulation and menstruation. Working out for one or two hours per day shouldn't affect your menstrual cycle. It takes hours upon hours of demanding exercise every day for these hormonal changes to occur.
If you are planning on exercising that much, you may want to consult with a sports medicine healthcare provider. Their job is to help your body support all of the physical demands that you are putting on it.
This may include:. Chronic conditions that can affect your menstrual cycle include:. Certain conditions that are present at birth, such as Turner syndrome and androgen insensitivity , typically cause menstrual and fertility problems. These congenital conditions are often associated with amenorrhea.
Acute illness, such as pneumonia , a heart attack, kidney failure, or meningitis, can result in rapid weight loss, nutritional deficiency, or hormone dysfunction. These conditions can also result in a missed period. Many illnesses and disorders can interfere with your cycle until they are treated. Once the underlying condition is resolved, it might take a few months before your period returns again. Changing schedules can throw off your body clock.
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